Hormones and Their Effect on Hair Texture Explained

Discover the Profound Influence of Hormones on Hair Structure and Texture

Understanding How Hormones Shape Hair Follicle Growth and Behavior

Hormones function as the invisible architects of our physical traits, intricately managing a multitude of biological functions, including hair growth and the complex texture of our hair. These essential chemical messengers exert a direct influence on hair follicles, the tiny structures embedded within our skin that are responsible for the production of hair. Each follicle responds to a distinct combination of hormones such as androgens, oestrogens, and thyroid hormones. These hormones play a critical role in determining not just the quantity of hair but also its overall health and structural integrity. For instance, androgens like testosterone can stimulate hair follicles to generate thicker strands, while oestrogens are known to facilitate hair growth and prolong the anagen phase of the hair cycle.

The complex interactions of these hormones become especially significant during pivotal life phases such as puberty and menopause. During puberty, the increase in androgen levels can lead to greater oil production on the scalp, resulting in observable changes in hair texture. Similarly, the hormonal fluctuations that accompany menopause often lead to hair thinning, as reduced oestrogen levels allow the effects of androgens to manifest more prominently. This delicate hormonal equilibrium underscores the vital role hormones play in not only determining the volume of hair but also its quality and texture. Thus, understanding this relationship is essential for anyone aiming to enhance the appearance and overall health of their hair.

Furthermore, hormonal disorders can significantly alter hair texture. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may lead to increased androgen levels, resulting in coarse hair in specific areas while causing thinning and changes in texture in others. This highlights the substantial influence hormones have on our hair, emphasizing the importance of maintaining hormonal health to achieve vibrant, resilient hair.

Evaluating the Effects of Hormones on Hair Shaft Thickness and Overall Texture

The thickness of each individual hair strand is a vital characteristic that defines the overall texture of hair, impacting both its aesthetic appeal and tactile quality. Fluctuations in hormone levels can lead to significant variations in hair shaft thickness; thicker hair is typically perceived as healthier and more voluminous. For instance, androgens can enhance hair shaft thickness, leading to a coarser texture that is especially noticeable on the scalp and in facial hair. In contrast, lower levels of androgens may result in finer hair, complicating styling and manageability.

Studies indicate that women experiencing hormonal fluctuations—whether due to hormonal contraceptives or during menopause—often report noticeable changes in hair texture corresponding with shifts in hair shaft thickness. For example, women starting certain contraceptives may observe their hair becoming thicker or curlier in the initial months, a change attributed to hormonal adjustments. However, after discontinuing these contraceptives, their hair may revert to its original finer state, illustrating the sensitivity of hair to hormonal changes and emphasizing the necessity for personalized hair care strategies.

Environmental factors also play a crucial role in how hair responds to hormonal changes. High humidity levels, for example, can make fine hair appear limp and flat, while thicker hair tends to withstand varying weather conditions better. Establishing a customized hair care routine that caters to individual hair types and textures is essential for effectively managing the impacts of hormonal fluctuations, enabling individuals to appreciate their unique hair characteristics while maintaining confidence in their appearance.

Investigating the Relationship Between Hormones and Hair Elasticity

Hair elasticity serves as a key indicator of overall hair health and manageability, with hormones playing a significant role in determining this quality. Hormonal fluctuations can alter the proteins that comprise hair structure, particularly keratin, which is the primary structural component of hair strands. Elevated levels of oestrogen can enhance hair elasticity, resulting in soft, bouncy locks that are more resilient against breakage. This elasticity is essential for preserving a healthy and vibrant appearance, as it allows hair to endure styling and environmental stresses without succumbing to damage.

Conversely, hormonal imbalances, especially those involving cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone, can lead to reduced elasticity. Increased cortisol levels may cause hair to become brittle and more susceptible to breakage, resulting in heightened hair loss and changes in texture. This concern is increasingly relevant in today’s fast-paced world, where stress can significantly affect endocrine function, thereby impacting hair health. Understanding how hormones influence hair elasticity empowers individuals to make informed choices regarding their hair care routines, potentially incorporating products that nourish and restore elasticity.

Incorporating moisturizing products that provide hydration can help restore elasticity and improve texture. Opting for natural ingredients, such as oils rich in fatty acids, can also supply the essential moisture needed to counteract the effects of hormonal fluctuations, leading to healthier, more manageable hair. This knowledge encourages individuals to take proactive measures in their hair care routines, enhancing and maintaining their hair's natural beauty.

Exploring Hormonal Changes and Their Effects on Hair Texture

Examining Changes in Hair Texture During Puberty

The transformative journey through puberty is marked by notable changes, including significant shifts in hair texture. As the body ramps up production of androgens, substantial alterations in hair characteristics can occur. These hormonal surges often lead to coarser, thicker hair, particularly on the scalp, face, and body. For many adolescents, this represents their first experience with such transformations, creating a mix of excitement and anxiety as they navigate this new phase of life.

During this critical developmental stage, increased activity in sebaceous glands driven by androgens can result in greasier hair, thus altering its perceived texture. For instance, the fine hair typical of childhood may transform into a more voluminous and textured form, presenting new styling challenges and opportunities. This transition can be especially prominent in diverse populations, where genetic factors contribute to variations in hair texture, further highlighting the need for understanding and appreciating these changes.

In some scenarios, these shifts can provoke anxiety and self-esteem issues among young individuals as they adjust to their changing appearance. Recognizing that these changes are a natural part of development prompted by hormonal fluctuations can assist adolescents in embracing their evolving hair texture. Encouraging a healthy hair care routine tailored to their new hair type can empower them to confidently embrace their unique looks, fostering a positive self-image during this pivotal stage.

The Impact of Pregnancy on Hair Texture Before and After Birth

Pregnancy signifies a phase of remarkable hormonal upheaval, significantly affecting hair texture and volume. During this time, heightened oestrogen levels extend the hair growth phase, leading many women to experience thicker, more luxurious hair. This phenomenon, often referred to as the “pregnancy glow,” results in hair that feels healthier and appears more vibrant, boosting self-esteem during a transformative life stage.

However, the postpartum period marks a return to pre-pregnancy hormone levels, prompting many women to experience dramatic hair shedding, commonly known as postpartum hair loss. This sudden shift can lead to noticeable alterations in texture and volume, with previously thick hair becoming fine and sparse. The emotional ramifications of these transitions can be profound, compounded by the demands and adjustments of motherhood.

The experiences of changes in hair texture during pregnancy and after childbirth are not uniform; individual genetic factors and pre-existing conditions, such as thyroid disorders, can significantly affect how one's hair responds to these hormonal changes. For many women, understanding the cyclical nature of hormonal changes during and after pregnancy fosters acceptance and resilience. Embracing a nourishing hair care regimen focused on hydration and strength can help manage these transitions, ultimately restoring hair to its pre-pregnancy condition over time.

Understanding the Influence of Menopause on Hair Texture

Menopause signifies a significant transition in a woman’s life, characterized by hormonal shifts that can lead to profound changes in hair texture. As oestrogen levels decline, many women notice their hair becoming finer, drier, and more brittle. This transformation extends beyond mere aesthetics; it can reflect broader health changes that impact overall well-being and self-perception.

The decrease in oestrogen increases hair's vulnerability to damage, as the protein structure of hair alters, resulting in increased rates of breakage. Women frequently report that their hair feels less manageable and lacks the luster it once had. This shift can lead to feelings of frustration and self-consciousness as they reevaluate their hair care routines and seek solutions to restore vitality.

Furthermore, menopause can exacerbate existing hair concerns, such as thinning or balding, particularly around the crown of the head. Understanding the hormonal basis for these changes empowers women to explore appropriate solutions, such as hormone replacement therapy or targeted hair care products designed to enhance moisture and strength. By embracing these changes, women can cultivate a renewed sense of confidence in their hair texture, exploring new styles that celebrate their natural beauty while navigating this transitional phase.

Investigating the Effects of Thyroid Disorders on Hair Texture

Thyroid disorders—including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism—can significantly disrupt hair texture due to their profound impact on hormonal balance. These conditions may result in notable changes in hair health, often manifesting as brittleness, dryness, or a sudden increase in hair loss. Understanding how hormones affect hair texture in the context of thyroid health is crucial for those facing these challenges.

In cases of hypothyroidism, where thyroid hormone levels are insufficient, individuals may notice their hair becoming coarse and sparse. The lack of adequate thyroid hormones can decelerate the hair growth cycle, leading to thinning hair and distinct texture changes. Conversely, hyperthyroidism may result in hair that is fine, limp, and prone to breakage, creating a frustrating dichotomy for those affected and emphasizing the necessity for appropriate management strategies.

Living with a thyroid disorder can be particularly challenging, especially as the physical changes extend to hair texture and health. It is essential for individuals to engage in open discussions with healthcare providers to effectively manage thyroid health. Adopting a comprehensive strategy that includes dietary adjustments, appropriate medication, and targeted hair care can help alleviate the impact of these hormonal imbalances, promoting healthier hair and restoring confidence in one’s appearance and style.

Examining the Connection Between Contraceptive Use and Hair Texture

Hormonal contraceptives have a significant influence on hair texture, with many women reporting noticeable changes upon initiating or discontinuing these medications. By modulating hormone levels in the body, contraceptives can impact hair growth patterns and overall texture, leading to diverse experiences ranging from thicker, shinier hair to finer, more challenging strands.

Numerous women have noted that upon starting hormonal contraceptives, their hair becomes thicker and more voluminous. This is primarily due to the increased levels of synthetic hormones, which may mimic the benefits of oestrogen and counteract the effects of androgens, improving hair texture. However, the effects can vary significantly among individuals; some may encounter unwanted side effects, such as increased hair loss or textural changes as their bodies adjust to the hormonal shifts.

Upon stopping hormonal contraceptives, many women find that their hair texture reverts to its original state, often leading to feelings of frustration and concern regarding their hair health. Understanding that these changes are closely tied to hormonal fluctuations can help alleviate anxiety. Engaging in proper hair care practices, including the use of nourishing products that support hair vitality, can empower individuals to embrace their evolving hair texture with confidence and grace.

Identifying Key Hormones and Their Effects on Hair Texture

The Significant Role of Androgens in Shaping Hair Texture

Androgens, particularly testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), exert considerable influence over hair texture. These hormones are central to regulating hair growth patterns and defining the specific characteristics of hair. Elevated androgen levels can result in coarser, thicker hair in certain regions, such as the scalp and body, while potentially reducing growth in areas like the hairline for women experiencing androgenetic alopecia.

Interestingly, the response to androgens varies widely across different ethnicities. For instance, individuals of Mediterranean descent may have thicker, curlier hair due to heightened androgen sensitivity, while those of Asian descent may naturally possess straighter, finer hair that is less affected by androgen levels. This diversity emphasizes the importance of cultural and genetic factors when exploring how hormones influence hair texture and the necessity for personalized approaches to hair care.

Managing androgen levels is critical for individuals experiencing unwanted changes in hair texture. Approaches such as anti-androgen medications or topical treatments can help mitigate the effects of elevated hormone levels, restoring a sense of balance. Furthermore, understanding the cyclical nature of hormonal changes can empower individuals to embrace their unique hair characteristics while exploring methods to enhance texture and overall health.

Recognising the Protective Effects of Oestrogen on Hair Texture

Oestrogen is often celebrated as a crucial protector of hair health, contributing to its smoothness, shine, and overall vitality. This hormone plays a pivotal role in extending the anagen phase of hair growth, leading to longer, fuller hair that feels luxurious. As oestrogen levels fluctuate—especially during pregnancy or menstrual cycles—many women notice significant changes in their hair texture, which can either enhance or diminish its overall health.

During times of elevated oestrogen, women frequently report having shinier and more manageable hair. This is particularly noticeable during pregnancy when hormonal levels peak, resulting in thicker, more lustrous locks. Conversely, as oestrogen levels decline—such as during menopause—hair may become duller, thinner, and more susceptible to breakage, leading to heightened concerns regarding hair health and aesthetics.

Understanding the implications of oestrogen fluctuations on hair texture can assist women in making informed decisions regarding their hair care. Implementing nourishing hair care routines that prioritize hydration and shine can help counteract the adverse effects of hormonal changes. Additionally, exploring dietary options rich in phytoestrogens, such as soy products, may provide further support for hair health, helping to maintain that coveted silky texture and vibrant appearance throughout various life stages.

Evaluating the Impact of Thyroid Hormones on Hair Texture

Thyroid hormones are essential for regulating metabolic processes, and their influence on hair texture is substantial. Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can lead to significant changes in hair characteristics, affecting not only hair density but also its overall texture. Individuals with hypothyroidism often experience coarse, dry hair that is brittle and prone to breakage due to insufficient thyroid hormone levels. Conversely, hyperthyroidism can render hair fine and limp, creating a frustrating contrast for those affected and necessitating tailored intervention strategies.

Understanding the role of thyroid hormones in maintaining healthy hair can guide individuals in seeking appropriate treatment options. Regular monitoring of thyroid function, combined with proper medical intervention, can help restore hormonal balance and improve hair health. Additionally, focusing on nourishing hair care products and dietary choices can support individuals in managing the effects of thyroid imbalances, leading to healthier, more resilient hair that reflects their overall well-being.

Emphasizing the connection between thyroid health and hair texture is vital for raising awareness about the importance of comprehensive health management. By engaging in open discussions with healthcare providers and seeking tailored solutions, individuals can cultivate a proactive approach to their hair care, fostering a renewed sense of confidence and vitality in their appearance.

Understanding the Effects of Cortisol on Hair Texture

Cortisol, often referred to as the stress hormone, profoundly impacts various bodily functions, including hair texture. Elevated cortisol levels, resulting from chronic stress or anxiety, can lead to significant changes in hair health. High cortisol can disrupt the natural hair growth cycle, prematurely pushing hair into the telogen phase, which results in increased shedding and alterations in texture.

When cortisol levels remain elevated over extended periods, hair may become brittle and dry, losing its natural shine and resilience. This is particularly concerning for individuals navigating high-stress environments or life transitions. Understanding the connection between cortisol and hair texture can empower individuals to take actionable steps toward stress management, fostering a healthier environment for hair growth and overall well-being.

Practices such as mindfulness, yoga, and regular exercise can effectively lower cortisol levels, positively impacting hair texture and overall health. Moreover, incorporating hair care products infused with nourishing ingredients can help mitigate the effects of stress on hair, promoting a vibrant appearance. Recognizing the interconnectedness of mental well-being and hair health can pave the way for embracing one’s natural beauty, even during challenging times.

Strategies for Addressing Hormonal Imbalances to Optimize Hair Texture

Implementing Nutritional Approaches for Hormonal Balance

A well-balanced diet plays a crucial role in managing hormonal levels and enhancing hair texture. Nutrients are essential for hormone production and regulation; therefore, incorporating a diverse array of foods rich in vitamins and minerals can support hormonal health. Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon and flaxseeds, promote scalp health and improve hair texture by providing essential hydration and nourishment.

Additionally, vitamins such as biotin, vitamin D, and zinc are crucial for maintaining hair health. Biotin, in particular, is renowned for its ability to promote hair growth and enhance texture, making it a popular supplement for improving hair appearance. Ensuring a diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help establish hormonal balance, resulting in healthier hair that reflects an individual’s overall health.

Hydration is equally vital in sustaining optimal hair texture. Consuming adequate water supports the delivery of nutrients to hair follicles, ensuring that hair remains hydrated and resilient. Understanding the correlation between diet and hormonal balance empowers individuals to make intentional choices that positively impact their hair health, fostering vibrant and manageable locks that mirror their inner vitality.

Utilizing Supplements for Enhanced Hormonal Hair Health

In the quest for optimal hair texture, specific supplements can significantly bolster hormonal health. Biotin is perhaps the most well-known supplement for enhancing hair strength and growth, recognized for its capacity to improve hair texture and overall health. Collagen supplements are also gaining popularity, as they can enhance hair elasticity and overall health by supporting the structure of hair follicles and promoting resilience.

Essential fatty acids, including omega-3s, are vital for maintaining scalp health and promoting overall hair texture. These fatty acids can help alleviate dryness and brittleness, creating an environment conducive to healthy hair growth. Additionally, exploring adaptogenic herbs like ashwagandha can assist in managing stress, potentially reducing cortisol's adverse effects on hair texture and overall health.

Before starting any supplements, it’s crucial to consult with healthcare professionals to ensure safety and efficacy. By incorporating targeted supplements into their routines, individuals can support hormonal balance, leading to healthier, more resilient hair that reflects their inner vitality and well-being.

Embracing Lifestyle Modifications to Enhance Hormonal Health

Lifestyle changes are essential for influencing hormonal levels, which ultimately impact hair texture. Stress management techniques, such as mindfulness practices, yoga, and regular exercise, can significantly reduce cortisol levels, fostering a healthier hormonal balance that benefits hair health. Effectively managing stress not only promotes mental well-being but is also crucial for maintaining vibrant hair and overall health.

Proper sleep hygiene is equally important; ensuring adequate rest allows the body to recover and regulate hormone production effectively. Poor sleep can contribute to hormonal imbalances, leading to changes in hair texture and overall health. Establishing a calming bedtime routine and prioritizing quality sleep can create a positive feedback loop, benefiting both hormonal health and hair quality.

Regular physical activity can also enhance circulation, improving blood flow to hair follicles and supporting healthy hair growth. Embracing a holistic approach that considers both mental and physical well-being can empower individuals to maintain hormonal balance, leading to beautiful, manageable hair that reflects their overall health and vitality.

Examining Hormonal Treatments and Their Effects on Hair Texture

The Advantages of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) on Hair Quality

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has emerged as a widely accepted option for managing the symptoms associated with hormonal imbalances, particularly during menopause. HRT can positively influence hair texture by restoring oestrogen levels, which may lead to improvements in hair thickness, shine, and manageability. Many women report revitalized hair following the initiation of HRT, as achieving hormonal balance can enhance the overall vitality of their hair and boost their confidence.

However, the decision to pursue HRT should be made collaboratively with healthcare providers, as individual responses to treatment can vary widely. Monitoring hair health throughout this process is essential, as some individuals may experience side effects or changes in hair texture as their bodies adjust to new hormone levels and treatments.

Understanding the potential benefits of HRT empowers individuals to make informed choices regarding their health. In conjunction with medical interventions, adopting nourishing hair care practices can further support healthy hair texture, establishing an integrated approach to managing hormonal changes while promoting vibrant hair that reflects a sense of well-being.

Assessing the Impact of Birth Control Methods on Hair Texture

Birth control methods, particularly hormonal contraceptives, can have a substantial impact on hair texture by modulating hormone levels in the body. Many women report experiencing improvements in hair thickness and manageability while using specific birth control pills, as these medications may help balance androgen levels and mitigate hair-related concerns.

However, individual responses to hormonal contraceptives can vary widely; some may encounter unwanted changes in hair texture upon starting or discontinuing these medications. Recognizing that these fluctuations are linked to hormonal shifts can alleviate anxiety and empower women to explore various options that best suit their needs and health goals.

Discussing hair texture concerns with healthcare providers can lead to personalized contraceptive choices that align with individual health goals and requirements. Embracing a holistic approach that considers both hormonal health and hair care practices can foster a more positive relationship with one’s hair, enhancing confidence and overall well-being as individuals navigate their unique hair journeys.

Understanding the Benefits of Anti-androgens on Hair Texture

Anti-androgens are medications designed to counteract the effects of androgens, providing a viable solution for individuals experiencing unwanted changes in hair texture due to elevated hormone levels. Commonly prescribed for conditions such as PCOS or androgenetic alopecia, these medications can help reduce hair loss and promote healthier hair growth, thereby improving overall hair texture.

By inhibiting the action of androgens, anti-androgens can lead to enhancements in hair texture, resulting in thicker, more resilient strands. However, the decision to initiate treatment should be made in consultation with healthcare professionals, as individual responses and potential side effects may vary widely among users.

Combining anti-androgen therapy with a comprehensive hair care regimen can significantly enhance overall hair health, creating a more positive experience for those navigating hormonal changes. Adopting a proactive approach can empower individuals to reclaim their unique hair texture, fostering a renewed sense of confidence and vitality in their appearance as they embrace their natural beauty.

Addressing Changes in Hair Texture During Menopause

Menopause marks a pivotal stage in a woman's life, characterized by significant hormonal changes that can profoundly affect hair texture. As oestrogen levels decline, many women observe their hair becoming thinner, drier, and more prone to breakage. Understanding the implications of these hormonal shifts on hair health is crucial for those navigating this transition, as it can reflect broader health changes.

Engaging in open dialogues with healthcare providers can help women explore various treatment options, including hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or targeted hair care products designed to boost moisture and strength. Creating a comprehensive approach that addresses both hormonal health and hair care can empower women to embrace their evolving hair texture with confidence, allowing them to celebrate their unique beauty during this transformative period.

By cultivating a positive relationship with their hair during this transformative stage, women can navigate menopause gracefully, finding beauty in their unique experiences and celebrating the journey of self-acceptance and empowerment through their hair.

Recognizing the Impact of Thyroid Disorders on Hair Texture

Thyroid disorders can profoundly influence hair texture, affecting individuals' overall health and appearance. Conditions such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can lead to drastic changes in hair characteristics, often resulting in brittle or fine hair due to hormonal imbalances that affect hair health and growth cycles.

Recognizing the connection between thyroid health and hair texture is essential for those grappling with these conditions. Regular monitoring of thyroid function, along with appropriate medical intervention, can help restore hormonal balance and improve hair health. Embracing a holistic approach that encompasses dietary choices, stress management, and targeted hair care can significantly enhance hair texture, promoting resilience and vitality in individual hair strands.

Understanding that changes in hair can reflect broader health issues fosters a proactive mindset in managing both thyroid health and hair care. By engaging in open conversations with healthcare providers and seeking tailored solutions, individuals can reclaim their hair’s health and vitality, celebrating their unique texture and beauty as a reflection of their overall well-being.

Frequently Asked Questions About Hormones and Hair Texture

How do hormones affect hair texture?

Hormones play a vital role in determining hair texture by influencing hair follicle growth, shaft diameter, and elasticity. Variations in hormone levels can lead to changes in hair thickness, curl patterns, and overall health, highlighting the intricate connection between hormonal balance and hair characteristics.

Can hormonal shifts during puberty change hair texture?

Absolutely! During puberty, hormonal changes can result in significant transformations in hair texture, often leading to coarser, thicker hair as androgen levels rise, thereby affecting the hair growth cycle and overall appearance.

What effects does pregnancy have on hair texture?

Pregnancy frequently results in increased oestrogen levels, leading to thicker, more vibrant hair. However, postpartum hormonal shifts can trigger shedding and changes in texture, resulting in finer, less voluminous hair, underscoring the dynamic nature of hormone influence on hair.

How does menopause affect hair texture?

Menopause is characterized by a decline in oestrogen levels, which can cause hair to become thinner, drier, and more prone to breakage, resulting in noticeable changes in texture and overall hair health that may require attention and care.

What role do androgens play in hair texture?

Androgens, such as testosterone, can significantly impact hair texture, often resulting in coarser hair in certain areas while potentially causing thinning in others, particularly in women experiencing hormonal imbalances, thus necessitating appropriate management strategies.

How can dietary adjustments improve hair texture?

A balanced diet rich in vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids can support hormonal balance, enhancing hair texture by providing the necessary nutrients for healthy hair growth and maintenance, thereby promoting overall hair vitality and resilience.

Which supplements are beneficial for hair health?

Supplements like biotin, collagen, and omega-3 fatty acids can bolster hormonal health and enhance hair texture by nourishing hair follicles and promoting elasticity, leading to healthier and more vibrant hair.

How does stress affect hair texture?

Elevated cortisol levels due to stress can lead to brittle, dry hair and increased shedding, disrupting the natural hair growth cycle and negatively impacting overall texture, thus emphasizing the importance of stress management for hair health.

What treatments are available for hormonal hair texture changes?

Hormonal treatments such as hormone replacement therapy (HRT), contraceptives, and anti-androgens can help manage hair texture changes associated with hormonal imbalances, offering tailored solutions for individuals seeking to improve their hair health and appearance.

How do thyroid disorders impact hair texture?

Thyroid disorders can considerably affect hair texture, with hypothyroidism leading to coarse, dry hair and hyperthyroidism causing fine, brittle strands, highlighting the importance of maintaining thyroid health for optimal hair vitality.

Connect with us on Facebook!

The Article: How Hormones Affect Hair Texture: A Comprehensive Guide appeared first on Amitys Hair Salon.